Partition management in Linux(CentOS/Red Hat)

Partition management in Linux(CentOS/Red Hat)

In this post we’ll learn, how to manage partition in Linux.

Generally, Window File Systems are FAT32, NTFS.

And, Linux file systems are ext2, ext3, ext4, XFS (current), vfat, swap, ZFS, GlusterFS.

All device files location: /dev/*

* hdd, dvd, cdrom, usb, serial, swap, tty



Total Partition: (MBR – Master Boot Record)- (sata) – BIOS

Linux Partition = 15 (4 Primary + 11 Logical)

Windows Partition: 24 C-Z, A- Floppy, B-zip



Total Partition: (GPT – which is stands for Guid Partition Table)- UEFI (which is stands for United Extensibel Firmware Interface)

Total Partition: 128



SATA/SCSI HDD is marked as sda, sdb, sdc

USB devices is considered in Linux as sda1, sdb1

DVD drivers are markes in Linux (CentOS) as dvd/sr0

So we want to see all partition, just type these command in CLI.

[root@ns1 Desktop]# fdisk -l

sda = 1st sata

sdb = 2nd stata

sdc = 3rd sata

Command to see Linux mounted partition(s)

[root@ns1 Desktop]# df -HT



/dev/sda6 xfs 52G 7.0G 43G 15% /

/dev/sda5 xfs 204M 27M 167M 14% /boot



[root@desktop1 /]# du -ch home

Partition ID of Linux:

NTFS – 7

Extended – 5

ext3/ext4/xfs – 83

swap – 82

LVM – 8e

vfat – f

RAID – fd



Now we want to create a new Partition. So we just’ll just type the command

[root@ns1 dev]# fdisk /dev/sda



Command (m for help): m



d delete a partition

l list known partition types

m is for print this menu

n is for adding a new partition

p is to print the partition table

q is to quit without saving changes

t is for changing a partition’s system id

w is to write table to disk and exit



Command (m for help): n



[root@ns1 Desktop]# fdisk /dev/sda



Command (m for help): n

First sector (415141888-976773119, default 415141888): {press Enter}

Using default value 415141888

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (415141888-976773119, default 976773119): +350M



Command (m for help): p

Command (m for help): w



Now if you want to update the partition table, just follow this command.

[root@desktop1 ~]# partprobe /dev/sda



Want to format a partition? Just follow the command:

[root@ns1 Desktop]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdaX



Want to mount a partition?? Follow this:

[root@ns1 Desktop]# mkdir /data

[root@ns1 Desktop]# df -HT

[root@ns1 Desktop]# mount /dev/sda9 /data



[root@ns1 Desktop]# df -HT

[root@ns1 Desktop]# cd /data

[root@ns1 data]# ls

[root@ns1 data]# df -HT

Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda6 xfs 16G 6.4G 8.4G 44% /

/dev/sda5 xfs 204M 27M 167M 14% /boot

/dev/sda9 xfs 508M 11M 471M 3% /data

[root@ns1 data]# cd .. ; This command is going to the previous directory.

[root@ns1 /]# umount /data

[root@ns1 /]# df -HT

Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda6 xfs 16G 6.4G 8.4G 44% /

tmpfs tmpfs 2.0G 267k 2.0G 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda5 xfs 204M 27M 167M 14% /boot



Permanent Mount:

[root@localhost ~]# blkid /dev/sda8



[root@ns1 ~]# vi /etc/fstab



UUID=1b42c7df-717a-420d-b054-81d5a48594b5 /data xfs defaults 0 0



or

/dev/sda9 /data xfs defaults 0 0



1 2 3 4 5 6

1 – partition

2 – mountpoint

3 – filesystem

4 – options(quota,acl)

5-6 – file system check options



[root@ns1 ~]# mount -a ;fstab file update

[root@ns1 ~]# df-HT ; view



Now, want to delete a partition?? Follow this:

[root@ns1 ~]# fdisk /dev/sda



Command (m for help): d

Partition number , generally there is displayed (1-10).



Command (m for help): p

Command (m for help): w



Note: Before delete, you should unmount partition and delete fstab entry.



[root@ns1 ~]# fdisk -l



Mount USB pen drive:

[root@ns1 Desktop]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32176472064 bytes

[root@ns1 Desktop]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt

[root@ns1 mnt]# cd /mnt

[root@ns1 mnt]# ls

[root@ns1 mnt]# cp cv.docx /root/Desktop

[root@ns1 mnt]# cp /etc/passwd /mnt

[root@ns1 mnt]# cd

[root@ns1 ~]# umount /mnt

[root@ns1 ~]# cd /mnt

[root@ns1 mnt]# ls



Mount DVD:

[root@ns1 Desktop]# mount /dev/sr0 /media

[root@ns1 Desktop]# cd /media

[root@ns1 media]# ls

[root@ns1 media]# cd Packages

[root@ns1 Packages]# ls

[root@ns1 Packages]# cd

[root@ns1 ~]# umount /media

[root@ns1 ~]#