The Kingdom of Pajajaran in Indonesia: The Heyday and Traces of LegacyThe Kingdom of Pajajaran is a kingdom in the archipelago located in West Java, Indonesia. The Pajajaran Kingdom has a long history when it was founded and in its heyday to leave traces of heritage that can be seen today.The Kingdom of Pajajaran is also known by another name, the Kingdom of Sunda or the Land of Sunda or called Pasundan. The location of this kingdom in the past was not located in Bandung, which is now the capital city of West Java, but in Pakuan or currently Bogor. The Beginning of the Pajajaran Kingdom The Pajajaran Kingdom was founded in 923 AD and ended in 1597 AD. According to the Carita Parahiyangan ancient manuscript written in the 16th century AD, the Pajajaran Kingdom was a combination of two kingdoms namely the Sunda Kingdom and the Galuh Kingdom.The Pajajaran Kingdom was a Hindu kingdom formed from the union of the Sunda Kingdom and the Galuh Kingdom. Before joining, the two kingdoms were included in the territory of the Tarumanegara Kingdom. After Tarumanegara lost to Srivijaya, the two kingdoms rebelled and broke away. After breaking away, the Sunda Kingdom and the Galuh Kingdom declared themselves as sovereign kingdoms. That said, the two kingdoms almost went to war, after Raden Baribin from the Majapahit Kingdom fled to the Galuh Kingdom. Raden Baribin was well received by the King of the Galuh Kingdom, Dewa Niskala.Raden Baribin then married one of the children of King Dewa Niskala, Ratna Ayu Kirana. This marriage ignited the anger of King Susuktunggal of the Sunda Kingdom. Dewa Niskala is considered to have violated the customary rules that have been set after the Bubat Incident. The dispute between the two kings was successfully quelled by Jayadewata, the son of King Dewa Niskala who was also the son-in-law of King Susuktunggal. Jayadevata reconciled by stipulating that the two kings had to abdicate by appointing someone to succeed the throne. King Dewa Niskala and King Susuktunggal agreed to hand over the reins of power to Jayadevata.The election of Jayadevata as King signified the union of the two kingdoms. Jayadevata was then given the title Sri Baduga Maharaja or better known as Prabu Siliwangi who ruled the Pajajaran Kingdom from 1482 to 1521 AD. The heyday of the Pajajaran Kingdom The Kingdom of Pajajaran achieved a golden age or glory during the reign of Sri Baduga Maharaja or Prabu Siliwangi. To prosper the kingdom and its people, Prabu Siliwangi gave more attention to religious leaders. In addition, Prabu Siliwangi also remade the tribute collection system. Prabu Siliwangi also strengthened the strength of the war fleet. He also built and strengthened the defense system of the Capital by making trenches so that it was not easily attacked by other Kingdoms.The Destruction of the Pajajaran Kingdom The Pajajaran Kingdom was destroyed after being attacked by a number of Islamic kingdoms, namely the Banten Kingdom with the help of the Cirebon and Demak Kingdoms. The beginning of the destruction of the Pajajaran Kingdom occurred when the influence of Islamic teachings began to spread in Pasundan earth and made King Siliwangi restless. Efforts to limit Muslim traders entering and stopping at the Port of the Kingdom of Sunda were also carried out. However, this attempt was not successful. In 1527, the Sultanate of Banten and Cirebon increased pressure on the Kingdom of Pajajaran by seizing the Port of Sunda Kelapa which weakened Pajajaran and the Portuguese. Then, in 1570 the King of Banten, Maulana Yusuf succeeded in conquering the Pajajaran Kingdom. The Pajajaran Kingdom is the last Hindu-style kingdom to exist on the Indonesian island of Java The Kings of the Pajajaran Kingdom During its existencethe Pajajaran Kingdom was only ruled by six kings before it was finally destroyed. The six kings are as follows: Sri Baduga Maharaja or King Siliwangi (1482 - 1521 AD) Surawisesa (1521 - 1535 AD) Queen of the Gods (1535 - 1543 AD) Queen of the Sakti (1531 - 1551 AD) Queen Nilakendra (1551 - 1567 AD) Raga Mulya (1567 - 1579 AD).
